Petrie Electronics

Reworking is a natural part of being the project manager of an object- oriented analysis and design project and an integral part of its development process. He also understood the importance of looking into which strategies helped to make the project a success by focusing on the busiest store in Irvine as a previous iteration. Jim also showed eagerness and interest in the project by compromising with his personal preferences for the benefit of the project.By personally investing his own time he will prove to be a leader and stimulate a similar motivation from other team members. This proves that Jim assesses the qualities of a good project manager. To further show that he is a good project manager Jim should show an understanding towards the fact that Ella is also under pressure from her supervisors to make the project a success. She may have a lot riding on the project or may have the competition looking to see where any flaws in her company lies.Jim should portray confidence in his abilities to succeed with the project. By being flexible to work with Ell's plan but remaining firm in his other team member selections, it shows his faith in his ability to create a successful team and gives off the mage that he knows what is necessary for the project to be a success. As Ella is implying that Bob seems to understand the importance of the project more so than Jim, it is important that he explains and demonstrates through his actions that he understands the importance of the project to her as well.Jim should also not show any trepidation about having almost an in-house spy reporting on all his actions and behaviors back to the COO. To deal with a busy team member such as Juanita Lopez he can have her send in times that would work best for her and arrange team meetings so that the others could omelet a majority of their portions during meetings when she is not available. Then during times when she is available they can convene and put their separate portions together and iron out any kinks they find in the strategies.Jim can also organize video conferences if it proves that distance or scheduling times for meetings in one place makes it difficult to meet. Jim could also ask for Juanita to delegate the smaller and simpler tasks to other staff members at the Irvine store so that she could dedicate more time for the project. Another possible suggestion is for them to alternate their meetings eased on Junta's days off with proper compensation for her time (if the project is not an addition to her regular paycheck). As the project manager Jim must first set define the project as a set of components.After that the team can work together to analyze the components and implement the most difficult ones first. Jim should avoid planning the project out to the minutest detail because the plan can easily change. Each iteration should be taken one at a time for a previously set period of time until the best possible system is formed. To complete the project initiation Jim must next establish a legislation with the customer. By building strong customer relations business has a better chance of flourishing. The next step would be to establish the project initiation plan.Then Jim would need to establish management procedures and establish the project management environment and a project workbook. Last but not least it is necessary for Jim to develop the project charter. Only after these six components are completed can Jim complete the initiation phase. One team communication method that Jim can use is to send minutes of the meetings after they have met to summarize the topics discussed and decisions that were made. This can be used as a way to inform all team members of their progress and can also act a permanent record as well.A con would be that it is very formal and so it would not be used to facilitate interdisciplinary interactions. Another communication method that can be used is to have regular meetings. This would allow the team to work together to resolve issues but can also range in formality from medium to high. Teams can also use status reports when they need to report to their supervisors about the project's progress. Status reports are highly formal and are used to inform others of progress. In order o have a concrete idea of each team member's responsibilities specification documents can be used.These are highly formal and are used not only to inform team members of their responsibilities but also as a permanent record of tasks to be completed. Last but not least teams can also use casual brown bag lunches to have a relaxed discussion about the progress the team is making in the project and to discuss recommendations for the team to work better together. It would not only help inform team members of where they stand in the project but also promote a more relaxed atmosphere for them to work together.

Dubai’s heritage and culture for future generations Essay

There has been a sufficient mention of a profound dearth of interest in preserving Dubai’s heritage and culture for future generations. The severity of Dubai’s cultural problems (both current and impending) is an overwhelming testament to the shortfalls of various cultural players. Dubai’s cultural scene is beset by issues ranging from funding to the non-existence of a governing agency on cultural arts and activities. The lack of funding allocation for Culture, Heritage and the Arts hampers government organizations from awarding prizes for artistic/literary achievements and awarding subsidies for the pursuit of the Arts. This phenomenon holds true for the Fine Arts and Literature although the UAE government has accorded ample financial support for Festivals like the Dubai Shopping Festival and Dubai Summer Surprises and theatrical infrastructure improvements. Support for Folklores Promotion and Archeology and Heritage Campaign, however, has not been reasonable; folklore presenters being imported from Oman and Archeology and Heritage Funds mostly channeled to administrative expenses. Education, being an essential tool for information dissemination, interest stimulation, and revolutionary change has not been aptly utilized to impact artistic/cultural perspectives among Dubai’s youth. This has crucial implications for both the quality and availability of indigenous workforce in that line. There are limited schools for Drama and Theatre, Music, and Folklore. Academic trainings for Archeology and postgraduate courses for Media are unavailable in the United Arab Emirates. Insufficient emphasis is given to Fine Arts, Literature, Folklore, and Heritage in school curriculums. Commercial Music Institutes, more than being of questionable quality, are beyond affordability by some Dubai residents. Lack of public interest is often the offered rationale for these academic limitations, although initiatives focused on the dilemma could have sparked a renewed public interest in Culture and the Arts. This dearth of public interest has crucial implications for the composition of Dubai’s cultural workforce and the artistic/cultural participation among the populace. The Nationals’ interest in theatre and performing arts is in congruence with the number of theatrical activities providers- both are limited. Dubai’s Fine Arts Exhibits showcase some unique talents and the artistic experience. However, the arena is beset by commercialism and a lack of appreciation among UAE nationals. Expatriates are more keen on Emirate Arts which benefits from an artistic enthusiasm peculiar to a wealthier society segment. Dubai’s Musical Arena is characterized by a musically-inclined, musically-upbeat society, and a commercialized musical education system. Songs and dances are an important part of celebrations, and there is an inordinate demand for international concert seats. Inadequate project experience and strong public participation, however, marks Dubai’s Film Scene. The launching of the International Film Festival in 2004 and the Dubai Studio City Project are predicted to generate a strong reception on Dubai’s film, TV, and music industries. Dubai’s literary domain, mainly focused on poetry, is not supportive of the development of intellectuals and thinkers. Government-sponsored poetry awards are an insufficient compensation for the limited career prospects for literature graduates. Festivals in Dubai such as the Dubai Shopping Festival and the Dubai Summer Surprises have acquired an international reputation, drawing tourists from the Middle East and beyond. However, a highly-trained festival-hosting workforce stands in stark contrast to the unprofessional and poorly-trained folklore performers, mostly from Oman. While Dubai’s rapid economic growth has made it a preferred destination for business meetings and international events, its vantage for exhibiting local folkloric performances to an international audience has not been fully utilized. It is quite ironic in that part of the reason of the businesses’ choice of Dubai is the pursuit of some Mideastern charm. Restoration attempts on Dubai’s historic buildings and the circulation of accompanying brochures and maps in multiple international languages are commendable efforts at giving tourists a glimpse of its ancient glory. The aforementioned measures are necessary to take advantage of Dubai’s vantage in the highly-competitive heritage tourism industry. However, the unavailability of Archeology programs in the UAE academe, and hence, the dearth of local Archeology specialists consequence in expatriate archeologists having to send artifacts to their respective countries for research/examination. Dubai’s Media Sector, with its state-of-the-art infrastructure and openness to competition, is in a struggle between foreign ownership and foreign workforce domination and calculated guardianship measures against Western infiltration. The media hub, albeit accommodating of the city’s cosmopolitan composition, suffers the dearth of a commercialized local cultural content. Islam is highly-inculturated and educationally-integrated in Dubai amidst its policy of accommodation and support to non-Muslim, expatriate religions. It is only a sober fact that the beauty of Islam has been overshadowed by negative perceptions pertinent to Terrorism. By and large, Dubai’s Islamic atmosphere, liberal for its multicultural make-up, is aptly guided by the Islamic values of tolerance and moderation. Technology can accord Dubai’s Arts and Culture a distinct vantage, but it can also effect otherwise. Electronic proliferation is a global trend, and cultural domination vis-a-vis high-technology is way unpredictable. It would also be of interest to note of the inadequate coordination among various cultural and arts providers and between Dubai’s public and private sectors. Dubai’s cultural scene is oblivious to common notice because of the dearth of literature in the subject; the absence of data on usage, patterns and preferences and the paucity of surveys and researches are common themes that beset Dubai’s cultural components. It is ironic that cultural/heritage problems prevail in Dubai, while the United Arab Emirates as a whole advocates culture and heritage. In the UAE, the preservation of many of its unique archaeological and architectural sites and its manuscripts have been given special preference. Literature and customs are widely studied in schools, while museum displays, heritage villages and the restoration of vanished monuments (based on photographs, local memory and documentary evidence) have helped to create a context and feel for this cultural legacy . It appears that most of the cultural development is occurring in Abu Dhabi; in 2005 a law was passed in this city establishing Abu Dhabi Culture and Heritage Authority. This new Authority’s goal is to sponsor intellectual and artistic activities and preserve the cultural heritage of the Emirates. This entails directly promoting Abu Dhabi’s cultural heritage, drawing up and implementing cultural policies, plans and programs, reviving cultural heritage projects, and organizing exhibitions and conferences on cultural heritage 1. Abu Dhabi signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the New York-based Guggenheim Foundation to establish a world-class museum devoted to modern and contemporary art, called the Guggenheim Abu Dhabi (GAD), the museum designed by the eminent architect Frank Gehry will place the Emirates as a leading international cultural destination22. The researchers have asserted that situated in the center of Abu Dhabi, there is a Cultural Foundation which is now part of the Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage (ADCH); this, at the heart of the capital’s cultural life benefits children, adults of all ages, UAE citizens and expatriates. One of the most significant features of the Cultural Foundation is the National Library which has well over a million books, primarily in Arabic, although there are also collections in a myriad of foreign languages. A majority of these volumes are available for reference for the public, plainly requiring a simple registration process. There is also an area for children where special programs are planned, especially during the school holidays2 . It is apparent that the culture of Dubai should be promoted in the same manner; perhaps these cities could share wealth in culture preservation through the Fine and Performing Arts and the Media.

Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Music - Essay Example ed and overlooked within mainstream histories of rock.† (Cateforis, T., 2006) When the Spice Girls became known in the 90s, they â€Å"introduced the language of independence to a willing audience of pre- and teenage girls – girl power.† (Whiteley, S., 2000) Consequently, girl groups became more aggressive in expressing themselves through their style and music. This essay will attempt to introduce the reader to two successful all-female groups of this generation. It will also attempt to explain why this writer prefers one of the groups with regards to image, performance style and singing skills. South Korea’s Wonder Girls (WG) became famous in Asia with their single, Tell Me. They are now making waves in the U.S. as the front act for the Jonas Brothers. The group which is composed of Min Sun Ye, Park Ye Eun, Kim Yoo Bin, Sun Mi and Ahn So Hee was formed under the guidance of famous South Korean R & B singer, Rain. They are signed with South Korean label JYP Entertainment and debuted in the beginning of 2007 on M! Countdown singing â€Å"Irony†, the title song of their debut album The Wonder Begins. (David, 2009) â€Å"The Wonder Girls has been one of the most popular groups (in 2007) with their first song and their cute and sexy dance moves.† (Han, S. 2007) â€Å"They seem to have broken the mould, also making their debut US TV appearance on Fox Network’s The Wendy Williams Show.† (Newsdesk, 2009) Even if the lyrics are in Korean language, so far, every song from the group has been well-received even by non-Koreans because of their catchy rhythms. With the Pussycat Dolls, the popularity spread is from the U.S. to Asia and other parts of the world. The group was formed under choreographer Robin Antin. From the USA, the Pussycat Dolls started touring to other parts of the world to promote their hits. The group whose image & members have evolved since beginning in 1995 started out as a burlesque troupe based in Los Angeles. (Pussycat Dolls, 2009) Among its

United States police vs Brazilian police Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

United States police vs Brazilian police - Essay Example In both the US and Brazil, police are tasked with arresting, searching, and detaining lawbreakers (U.S. Department of State). There exist different policing branches to ensure that such tasks are completed passably. This paper explores policing in Brazil and the United states, the differences between the two, how policing affects the country, and the different policing branches in both countries. There are diverse distinguishable differences that exist between policing in the United States and Brazilian police. The difference in policing all depends on the training and culture adopted by the police departments. The United States leans more on ethical policing (U.S. Department of State), as compared to Brazil that has a more barbarous system. Brazilian police are termed as being trigger-happy and appallingly violent, and this is mostly because of revenge missions against mobs that may have assassinated members of their workforce. According to Wells, â€Å"in the United States, with a population 60 percent larger than Brazil and more firearms in circulation, 410 civilians were killed during the same year. It compared the number of Brazilians killed to the 89 police killed while on duty during the same period -- the equivalent of 21 civilians dying for every police officer during the course of the year†. Although police brutality is reported in both countries, it is more rampant in Brazil as compared to America (Wells). The Brazilian policing system has been forced into this kind of callousness because of â€Å"high levels of violent crime, broken judicial institutions and a lack of funding and training† (Wells). The US policing is better than Brazil’s because of advanced training, better funding, adeptness in the legal system, and generally lower levels of vicious wrongdoings. Both the Brazilian military police and several departments of the US police have utilized a radio communications system to manage police communications effectively, a factor that has

Analysis Of The Tale Of The Veldt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis Of The Tale Of The Veldt - Essay Example The traces "Happylife Home" along with the acquainted room adjustments similar to the parents' bedroom along with the nursery provide one with a feeling that this is a standard local house of those times. The mom appears concerned or even puzzled regarding something as she said "the nursery is...different right now compared to it was", this initiative can easily lead one towards thinking that mom is having ideal competencies to be a mother but when one reads on then it is revealed that she has the habit of demonstrating stereotyped reactions to every event that comes her way, the mother and father then state "nothing as well great for our children". Later in the story the mother and father talk about the issues of the amazing house and also the nursery, "The house is wife, mother, and nursemaid, Can I compete with it ?", along with the dad possesses a generic answer "But I believed that's exactly why we purchased this house". The mother and father in the tale appear upon their childr en's needs since solutions rather than means of revealing any specific really like or treatment. In the tale we by no means understand something about the kids except for their obsession with the room, "I don't need to do anything, however, appear and pay attention and also odor; what more will there be to perform ?†. The story is all about human nature to remain discontented with everything after a short period of time. The mother in the tale is master at finding something wrong with everything in the house, life and even in her children. The female character in the story is a representation of the people who fail to see the beauty in their life while, dwelling about the negativities of the existence. They attach their happiness with certain goals and objectives and once they are fulfilled then they find something else to worry about and perhaps become a living example of those who want to be happy and satisfied tomorrow (Mattews, 75).

Property law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Property law - Essay Example This may require a fee payment to prove the ability. The requirements inform the authority on the types of activities they should do and give them an opportunity to come up with conditions and the limitations. The licensing process is one of the richest retail markets in the world ( Lewicki, Saunders, Minton , & Barry, 2003). However, having a license is not an instant success. It will need good marketing and selling to succeed. It is a cost effective tool for marketing when it is well used. Licensing has three main advantages. First, it means that you have a unique thing, which your competitors do not have. Secondly, it means that you are getting a little better advantage because it is different from the rest. Thirdly, it means that you have something different that you can easily sell to the retailers. Licensing is important to both the licensor and the licensee, to the licensor for example a company that does not want to be involved in the manufacture of some products it can licen se out to any of its partners but retaining its ownership but only get some economic benefit from the royalty income. Licensing out can also help a company expand its operation to other new markets and commercialize its business. It may also be used to get an access to new markets that are not accessible. The licensee may make translation of instruction and labels required to enter a foreign market and to modify the goods to conform to local regulations and rules and the expansion of marketing. To the licensee it makes one reach the market faster, and supply new products with then access of the license and improve its services and marketing after getting a marketing opportunity. Licensing of properties is categorized into; technology licenses, trademark and merchandise licenses and publish and entertainment licenses. Licensing mainly involves trade secrets and patents. The sharia or Islamic law has several sources like the Quran, the Sunna and others. The aspect of property licensin g and protection of property is considered on three aspects: property, contract, and public interest. To establish a law one should be able to point at a verse in the Quran, a tradition or Hadith of the prophet Muhammad. The license under property law Property rights are intangible; they cannot be seen or touched. Due diligence is required before starting on any kind of licensing transaction or agreement. One has to gather enough information on the licensor, the market the market being developed and the legal business environment. Property licensing is therefore the permission given to the licensee by the licensor. It is mainly categorized to patents, trademarks, and copyrights. Property licensing is created by statute; they are created by legislation, which gives the limits and scope of protection of the property. They may vary according to territory for example a patent in U.S.A is enforceable and valid only in the U.S. or it can also be international for example a copyright in a book which is authored in a particular country say England is valid in all Common Wealth countries. The main two categories of property license are hard property rights, which include patents, trademarks and copyrights while the soft property rights include trade secrets, confidential information and know how. A patent is an agreement to license or give a right to a licensee like a manufacturer to sell and use the invention that he has claimed in that patent, and to

Homo Religiosus by Karen Armstrong, p. 22-38 The Minds Eye by Oliver Essay

Homo Religiosus by Karen Armstrong, p. 22-38 The Minds Eye by Oliver Sacks, p. 303-317 - Essay Example According to Sacks, in a society where people lack mind’s eyes, they are likely to associate themselves with some events such as idol worshiping or despotism even if they have the physical eyes. These side effects prevent human beings from achieving a factual understanding of who they are. The idea that Sack presents in his article â€Å"The Mind’s Eye† is that trauma, in this case, blindness results to loss of â€Å"sensuous, intimate being at one with world† or loss of self (Sacks 313). Karen Armstrong of â€Å"Homo Religious† connects with Sack’s ideas that blindness trauma leads to loss of one’s self or sense (Armstrong 23). It is essential that, human beings acknowledge the dangers posed by blindness and if they persist, being victims of this, there will be no way for them to go back to a life, which has self-knowledge. Like Armstrong, Sack inveighs blindness trauma against â€Å"idol worship†. â€Å"Despotism† of sight and claims the â€Å"task† blindness trauma as reminding human beings of their other deeper perception modes as well as their mutuality (Armstrong 24). The two authors argue that a blind individual has a good sense of taste, feeling, touch, and he or she can write and speak as a â€Å"gift of the blind individuals†. Therefore being blind does not mean that one is unable to carry out duties done by other people since they have mind’s eyes (Armstrong 25). For instance, Lusseyran is able to feel, blend into one fundamental sense, has deep attentiveness, has slow and prehensile attention, and a sensuous and intimate being in the world where sight, with is flicking, quick, quality, and facile continually distracts people from. According to Sack, this concept is extremely close to an individual whose has â€Å"deep blindness† as considerably more than simple compensation other than a unique type of perception, a special and precious mode of being (Sacks 314). One essential question that people should put in mind is

My Education Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Education Process - Essay Example My education process has illuminated the fact that education can change an individual. The skills and knowledge acquired empowers a person and can acquire a job in his area of study and thus earn a living. Moreover, interaction with many individuals who share different perspectives earns one different attitude that affects one's way of thinking and executing issues. I have been able to be more tolerant of other people’s values and beliefs thanks to education. I have been able to live beyond the values indoctrinated in me by my family background.Education is a process that comes with many experiences. I have witnessed many events and deeds that have turned as of public interest.My interaction with teachers has always come with issues that go beyond the classroom. Having the documentary Capturing the Friedmans into account, one would realize that both teachers and learners are vulnerable to experiences that would change their lives forever. In this particular context, we learn t hat some learners go through sexual abuse, a crime that Arnold Friedman is accused of committing(Jareck, 2003). While teaching computer lessons, this teacher takes advantage of the learners and records some child pornography as alleged. The imprisonment of the Friedmans sheds some light on the many elements that are characterized by the education process. One’s education process is a life commitment that is characterized by knowledge, skills, new attitudes, beliefs, values, and habits that define his personality.

Six feet project 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Six feet project 2 - Assignment Example The disputes aren’t explained as indication that they could be minor. She only highlights natural urban calamities such as noise and insecurity, as the possible reasons of the immigration; â€Å"we have no burglar bars, no guns† (1320). By the virtue that Nadine does not mention any permit requirements for this migration, the whites are represented as having a bit of freedom. The blacks are the victims of oppression and are highly maltreated. Petrus’ family is displayed as generally poor, he works in a farm, his brother; the illegal immigrant is unemployed and his father feels better off by inheriting an old suit. Moreover, unlike the whites, they ought to acquire a permit to move, regardless of the reason behind. The author uses the white farmer’s humility to her workers to portray the authority’s callousness. Lerice, takes care of his workers children (1320), she presses her husband to impress Petrus despite having illegally accommodated his brother (1324); hence making him look stupid in the eyes of the soldiers. The conclusion does not show any fairness, since Petrus, lost his money, does not his body back but at least his father gets a white man’s suit portraying some equality. Apartheid is a cruel system that puts blacks in an oppressed position, both the kind whites and the blacks are aware of this but the authority has to maintain the system to protect the minority whites. Charter, the narrator is no different from other whites, thinking that he has better management but views the blacks as poor and non-human. He despises their effort and unity to retrieve their brother’s dead body: upon receiving the  £20 contribution he says â€Å"I took it in irritation†¦, useless sacrifice by people so poor† Effects of racism killed Petrus’ brother. After death, the Apartheid system does not sympathize with the family. His body is buried without family involvement and later the authorities play fraud; take the

The Life and Works of S.E. Hinton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Life and Works of S.E. Hinton - Essay Example S.E. Hinton boasts of seven bestselling novels (The Outsiders (1967), That Was Then, This Is Now (1971), Rumble Fish (1975), Tex (1979), Taming the Star Runner (1988), Puppy Sister (1995) and Hawkes Harbor (2004)), three classified as omnibus of novels (Outsiders / Rumble Fish / That Was Then, This Is Now (1995), An S.E. Hinton Collection (2001), and Some of Tim's Stories (2007)), one picture book (Big David, Little David (1995)), and one upcoming omnibus of a novel Some of Tim’s Stories in paperback which consists of â€Å"fourteen original stories depicting adults trapped in lives of missed connections and opportunities†. From among her seven novels, four were made into movies depicting the appeal of their themes to the masses. Most of her themes center on loyalty, transformation accorded through age, identity search, and abandonment. She was able to depict real-life situations written in the point of view of the audience in context. Peck averred in his book review wr itten in New York Times, â€Å"The Outsiders† shocked readers with its frank depictions of adolescent smoking, drinking and â€Å"rumbling†. Although other pop culture offerings had dealt with themes – most notably â€Å"Rebel Without a Cause† and â€Å"West Side Story† – their intended audience was an adult. By contrast, â€Å"The Outsiders† was a story â€Å"for teenagers, about teenagers, written by a teenager†. (Peck par. 1). However, the success of The Outsiders was measured by Hinton in terms of its ability to bring back the joys of reading to children.

Liminality in Dracula Essay Example for Free

Liminality in Dracula Essay History has taught us that rebelling against your people or religion almost always results in displeasure, as the members of the community usually frown upon it. Throughout the novel Each Man’s Son by Hugh MacLennan, there are two themes which are linked to this topic of defying your origins, though never plainly affirmed: the Celtic identity and the Puritanical predestination-like values. Not conforming to these ways of life demonstrates two themes at which Archie the fighter and Ainslie the dreamer display: the attempt to foster new values will doom you to failure and resisting your religion will only let you yearn for escape but haunt you forever. This paper, will first analyze the meaning of these two themes; second show that Archie fights against the Celtic identity and that Ainslie tries to escape the Puritanical values. First, it is suitable to grasp onto these concepts with the history from the novel concerning the Celtics and the Puritans since it frames the foundational richness of the story. In Each Man’s Son the symbolic references on the history concerning the Celtic identity is manifested as â€Å"a Homeric people† in ultimate solitude, which proves to be symbolic due to the fact that it ties meaning to the Highland people as a â€Å"desperate and poetic/race of hunters, shepherds and warriors† (MacLennan 1, 2). The novel is full of richness, which provides ironic information about the people: who were found â€Å"older than France† with â€Å"no organization† (MacLennan 25-5). This characteristic given to the men of Cape Breton is highly relevant to the plot as Archie choses to literally fight the regulatory social norms of the Celtic identity when he follows his dreams to become an American boxer. In the novel, the Celtic identity is in direct conflict with Puritan values within certain characters, especially Ainslie. Presbyterians note that they â€Å"live and die under the wrath of an arbitrary God who will forgive only a handful of His elect on the Day of Judgment† (MacLennan 2). The value of the quote symbolizes an underlining view on the Puritan religion as it describes how the Calvinists must live a basic life in order to be resurrected with eternal life. In the Bible, which Puritans follow unfailingly, it is written, â€Å"you must be born from above† meaning that you must have â€Å"been chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father† (John 3:7, 1 Peter 1:2 NIV). Furthermore, religion takes a crowning importance in the novel as it acts as the basic yet powerful feature of the story. Numerous characters struggle to adopt their identity, namely Doctor Ainslie for he attempts to darken his religious distinctiveness. The lacing of the Celtic identity and the Puritan religion represents tension, which Archie the fighter and Ainslie the dreamer must overcome. Second, Archie is a clear example of a character who conflicts with the Celtic identity because although he is acclaimed as the â€Å"bravest man in Cape Breton†, â€Å"fierce and unpredictable†, unlike the flock of people, he was a â€Å"hero whom nobody understood and everyone admired†; unfortunately, he is also destined to fail (MacLennan 12-8-6). â€Å"Archie is a hero† with grandiose â€Å"physical strength† who was loved â€Å"because he was giving significance, even a crude beauty, to the clumsy courage they all felt in themselves† (MacLennan 19-9). Generally Celtics feel that destiny works against them; they feel that luck must have been against them. This illustrates that the repercussion of rebelling against the Celtic identity is absolutely forbidden. The Celtic character is normally condemned to a life of simplicity, total depravity and unconditional fellowship of God and as Archie ventures the unknown he distorts the norm. Animalistic Archie emphasizes that some men will â€Å"live their whole lives like oxes and cows and that he is â€Å"not one of them† this statement, in other words, means that Archie does not intend on living a reclusive life as he fully intends on going out into the world, in spite of the consequences, to create a new life for himself and his family. He had â€Å"left his home to find wider opportunities in the United States† (MacLennan 3). Ironically, as Archie attempts to make money and follow his dream of becoming a boxer he refuses to obey the Celtic norm and is doomed to fail; he is left defeated by his embedded Celtic identity. The final character, which shows prominent struggles, concerning following norms is Ainslie: the dreamer. This is due to the fact that he is resistant to his Puritan religion, which leaves him yearning for an escape from societal pressures. Quite like Archie, Ainslie is also hopeless, yet in different matters: his religion haunts him not only consciously but also unconsciously in dreams as he is disturbed by religious stories. Traditionally, Puritans live a life in profound guilt, constant criticism and austerity because they believe in predestination at which God has chosen the elect to enter heaven. Though he is living in the pressures of this community he continuously denies his belief in God however it is hard to believe that he is a nonbeliever for he continuously shows signs of religious identity. Ainslie craves for a purpose in his life, an attainable goal a dream to escape this community, yet as the novel unfolds he is left haunted forever by his religious mental state. Ironically, because of the fact that he resists his religion and yearns for an escape, he will be left him undeniably haunted forever. In summary, historical details, Archie and Ainslie in Each Man’s Son emphasize conflicts between the Celtic identity and the Puritan religion. Contrasting the two characters, I find it much more rewarding to explore who you are and discover your identity instead of fighting or denying it because then you will not become a failure or be tormented by it. Unlike Archie and Ainslie, I had opportunities to participate in accomplishments that have given me a positive understanding of my identity while I was growing up, which undeniably shaped who I am today. Works Cited MacLennan, Hugh. Each Man’s Son. Toronto: The New Canadian Library, 2003. Print. New International Version Holy Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1986. Print.

Historical Interpretations Role in The of a national or international policy for Cultural Heritage Protection Essay Example for Free

Historical Interpretations Role in The of a national or international policy for Cultural Heritage Protection Essay The main difference between approaches to Cultural Heritage Protection, as discussed by Muller, namely between â€Å"object-centrism† and â€Å"functionalism† is associated with the fact that the first approach regards the cultural object and its protection as a value in its own right, while the latter focuses on the cultural object in the context of its meaning for society and its processes of acculturation and socialization. Object-centrism advocates primacy of the cultural object rather than its value, be it artistic or economic (Muller, 1998). Artworks of the past are seen as valuable treasures, and the integrity of entire set of objects produced by a certain culture has to be protected. Object-centrism scholars â€Å"focus on the primacy of the heritage object, considering that it has a value existing independently of people that should not be susceptible to any change† (Loulanski, 2006, p. 215). This approach also argues for the necessity of protection of information about a given culture, and cultural objects serve as a source of such information. Thus, while archaeology is a typical example of the philosophy of object-centrism, anthropology also fits in the picture by virtue of preserving information and data about cultures. As concerns the answer to the question which is at the heart of the debate on Cultural Heritage Protection, namely whether nation state or international community should be the guardian of cultural heritage, object-centrism only cares about the safety and integrity of the cultural object and not the nature of its stewardship. Proponents of object-centrism argue that practical value of the cultural object is hard to determine, since it might have little utility now but be of great importance for future generations. And in the light of little connection between ancient and modern societies, ancient heritage is worth preservation in it own right. However, this approach has come in for much criticism: â€Å"Although the object-centric approach seems more sensible for guaranteeing the rights of existence for all cultural heritage, and modern because it prioritizes the integrity of cultural heritage, it proves to be somewhat illogical and unrealistic† (Loulanski, 2006, p. 216). Cultural objects are inherently connected to human societies and histories, thus it is unproductive to view them outside of their natural context. Rather than regarding heritage as a set of cultural objects, it should be regarded in the light of public good it is able to create: â€Å"Increasingly cultural heritage is seen as a much broader phenomenon which can contribute to political ideals, to economic prosperity and to social cohesion† (Council of Europe, 2000, p. 3). Cultural heritage has been linked to national unity, citizenship, appreciation of diversity, cultural identity and memory, amenity, sustainable development and quality of life. Graham (2002) suggests â€Å"the concept of heritage as a social construction, imagined, defined and articulated within cultural and economic practice† (p. 1003). In my view, functionalism is a more productive approach to cultural heritage protection. However, it poses dome difficulties for historical interpretation, since it denies the idea that cultural objects have value in their own right. Each nation has its own approach to assigning value to and defining functions of cultural objects. Thus, international community might disagree with interpretations suggested by nation stares. It imperative to separate historical interpretation from other forms of interpretation: â€Å"Historical interpretation must be based on a multidisciplinary archaeological and/or historical study of the site and its surroundings, yet must also indicate clearly and honestly where conjecture, hypothesis or philosophical reflection begin† (Pathways to Cultural Landscapes, 2002 p. 5). The solution to the problem is to engage all interested stakeholders in the process of historical interpretation, be they different groups within one society or different countries in the global community.

Strategies Are Most Closely Associated Criminology Essay

Strategies Are Most Closely Associated Criminology Essay Sentencing a criminal for his crime may help to reduce the crime as a whole. The justice systems have made it their goals to impose sentences and punishments in order to provide an example to any other person who is thinking about committing that crime. People abstain from committing any crime when they know and fear the sentence is involved if they get caught. Some of the purposes to carry out criminal sentencing are reformation, retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation and incapacitation. The rehabilitation strategy is usually carried out with a punishment. An imprisoned man may be given rehabilitative options like substance abuse counseling, mental health programming, or some education programs in order to keep him away from performing the crime again. Reformation is similar to rehabilitation. Reformation theory believes that the shame associated with the sentencing may cause the criminal to see the wrongs of his action and help him to move away from that path. How is each purpose of criminal sentencing served by indeterminate sentencing? By determinate sentencing? Which sentencing model (determinate or indeterminate) is more appropriate today? Why? Intermediate punishment programs therefore include less strict programs that are barely intrusive to the high impact restrictive programs that involve house arrest and a stay in a correctional centre. Rehabilitation, reformation, retribution and other purposes may be easily used for less riskier criminals. The same purposes and strategies may also be used in determinate sentencing. Determinate sentencing has set some guidelines that includes compulsory sentences with minimum effect and some long sentences for certain types of crimes. Determinate sentence is a prison sentence that has a fixed length and cannot be changed by the parole officers or any other agency. In intermediate sentencing, the criminals show more progress than the criminals in determinate punishments, but it gives too much power in the hands of the parole officer. Determinate punishment is often seen to be a tough punishment. There is equal punishment for everybody committing the same crime. Intermediate provides proper rehabilitation programs that somehow help the criminal to start a new life. Thus intermediate punishment is more appropriate in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s society or increased crimes. Do you believe that three-strike laws can be an effective deterrent to crime? Are three-strike laws economically efficient? Explain your answers. The three-strike rule commands a minimum of 25 years to life sentence for the offenders who have any previous violent convictions as well. Around 23, 000 people have been imprisoned under the three-strike law. This lay attempts to decrease the crime rate either by imprisoning deterring potential offenders or habitual offenders from performing crimes in the future. The effect of three-strike law can be judged by examining the impact of the law on crime in the state of California, which regularly imprisons the criminals under this law. The three-strike law was passed in California in 1994 with the intention to lower the crimes by harshly punishing the offenders. But economically speaking, it is not the most effective law. The State of California spends around $5.7 billion on jails and prisons, which is more amount that they spend on education. Most of the crimes are occurred under the influence of drugs and alcohol or under the state of anger. Punishing them with life imprisonment may cause people to act more violently resulting the offender to perform a prison escape or murder a witness. So the money spent on the law goes to waste. What is restorative justice, and how does it build on restitution? How does it differ from retribution as a purpose of criminal punishment? Restorative justice emphasizes on the necessities of the criminals, victims and the community involved in it. In the whole process, the offenders are taught to accept responsibilities of their actions. They are encouraged to mend the damage they have done by doing community work, returning stolen goods and apologizing for their actions. Restitution is the action of returning and compensating for the damage and loss to the rightful owner. When a court orders the act of restitution, the defendant has to pay victim for his or her loss. The retributive punishments given to an offender changes his behavior as he goes through different programs. It focuses on establishing shame of guilt of what he did. Restorative justice focuses on what should be done in order to make his or her future more reliable and full of obligations. The programs that the offender goes through, ensures harmony and good relations with his community. It emphasizes on negotiation and dialogues and involves direct involvement with other participants. Do you believe that capital punishment should continue to remain a viable sentencing option for especially heinous crimes? Why or why not? Capital punishment is a legal process in which a person is sentenced to death as a punishment for his crime. It is being carried out in 58 nations currently and 97 have abolished it. It is often defended with the reason that a society should be protected for the safety of its citizens and when incidents like murders happen, they threaten the safety of our community. If the threat of a capital punishment remains in the society, it will stop a lot of criminals to perform certain heinous crimes that would ruin the peaceful co-existence of the society. Granting death penalties would also be setting an example to other offenders and it would make them think twice before committing any crime. The death penalty may be unjust in some case because the bad man with a good lawyer may win the case and the innocent might be punished instead. So it will waste a human life that otherwise would have had a whole life in front of him. How are habeas corpus appeals limited in capital cases? Explain the underlying rationale. Habeas Corpus is one of the rights that are provided by the constitution to each American citizen. In simple meaning, this right means that every citizen has à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a body,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  but in literal sense it is the right of every citizen who has been arrested to have a trial in court to be judged whether he has been detained rightfully or not. Habeas Corpus is not against the arrests that are unlawful, instead ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s a right given to a person so that he can be released lawfully from detention after his arrest. It is not performed as a substitute of a trial; neither does it prove the innocence or guilt of a person. It is a simple right that is put forward to specify that a person was detained and to justify his arrest. After the 9/11 attacks, most of the detained were known to be the terrorists. So most of them are not given the option to appeal against the capital punishment because they are considered to be terrorists that are worthy of getting a capital punishment. The appeals are overruled or not even given a chance and the offender instead receives brutal behaviours from the officers as well.

Walt Whitman: Homoeroticism in Leaves of Grass Essay -- Poetry Analysi

Leaves of Grass is Walt Whitman’s life legacy and at the same time the most praised and condemned book of poetry. Although fearful of social scorn, there are several poems in Leaves of Grass that are more explicit in showing the homoerotic imagery, whereas there are several subtle – should I say â€Å"implicit† – images woven into the fabric of the book. It is not strange, then, that he created many different identities in order to remain safe. What Whitman faced in writing his poetry was the difficulty in describing and resonating manly and homosexual love. He was to find another voice of his, a rhetoric device, and his effort took two forms: simplified, and subverted word play. The first was to understand and render the experience in everyday terms, as in the poem Behold This Swarthy Face. Whitman puts emphasis on masculinity â€Å"in this swarthy face, these gray eyes† (149), and other words, too, are expressive enough to explain to the reader what kind of person is to be loved. What is not as subtle as in some other of Whitman’s poems is the idea in the second part of the poem: â€Å"And I on the crossing of the street or on the ship’s deck give a kiss in / return† (149) – the meeting of the two is to be recognized anywhere, be it on the street or on a ship's deck. When it comes to the second form, Davidson notices that â€Å"The other and far more prevalent form of presented homoerotic love was by means of terms of oppression, subversion† (54). Exemplar poem of this form is Not Heaving from My Ribb’d Breast Only. In it the lyrical subject is trapped in fears and must break out of suppression in order to be himself. In the end of the poem there is a sudden release: â€Å"O pulse of my life! / Need I that you exist and show yourself any more than in... ...d Bergman, David. Choosing Our Fathers: Gender and Identity in Whitman, Ashbery and Richard Howard. American Literary History 1.2 (1989): 383-403. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Davidson, Edward H.. The Presence of Walt Whitman. Journal of Aesthetic Education 17.4 (1983): 41-63. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Herrman, Steven B.. Walt Whitman and the Homoerotic Imagination. Jung Journal: Culture & Psyche 1.2 (2007): 16-47. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Maslan, Mark. Whitman and His Doubles: Division and Union in Leaves of Grass and Its Critics. American Literary History 6.1 (1994): 119-139. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Metzer, David. Reclaiming Walt: Marc Blitzstein’s Whitman Settings. Journal of the American Musicological Society 48.2 (1995): 240-271. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Whitman, Walt. Leaves of Grass. Pennsylvania: the Pennsylvania State University, 2007. Print.

Ray Bradburys Something Wicked This Way Comes Essay -- essays research

Ray Bradbury's Something Wicked This Way Comes David Glasgo Modules 15-16 Dec 20, 1996 Someone knows your secret dream, that one great wish that you would pay anything for. That person suddenly makes your dream come true - before you learn the price you have to pay. Ray Bradbury's, Something Wicked This Way Comes, is a chilling and suspenseful thriller, making a boy's secret dream come true right before his own eyes and that of his friend's too. The story in this book continually jumps back and forth between three characters; two which are always together and the other the library janitor and father of the one. Bradbury's style keeps the book flowing smoothly throughout all of his hopping and skipping around. He seems to be a mastermind of writing as the story develops before your eyes and you get drawn in never wanting to leave, until the book is over and you know the ending. I felt like I was sitting right there on the clouds watching all of this take place. Bradbury pulls you into the book and makes it "our place, too." All of this starts off quite interesting. It is October, the month of Halloween, and in this strange year Halloween came early. A lightning rod salesman, come to the town predicting a humongous storm that is coming this way. The clouds speak their own words, telling the same. Jim Nightshade and William Halloway, neighbors and best friends, one born a minute before October thirtieth and...

To His Coy Mistress Essay: Use of Sound -- His Coy Mistress Essays

Use of Sound in To His Coy Mistress At first glance, Andrew Marvel's poem "To His Coy Mistress" is a fairly typical carpe diem poem, in which the speaker tells his beloved that they should "seize the day" and have sex now instead of waiting until they are married. Today, the speaker's speech may seem sexist in its attitude toward women and irresponsible in its attitude toward the coy mistress (the speaker doesn't explain how he would seize the day if the woman became pregnant, for example). Still, if we look beyond the limited perspective of the speaker himself, we can see that Marvell is making a statement about how all of us (regardless of gender or involvement in relationships) should savor the pleasures of the moment. For the poet, there are two kinds of attitude toward the present: (1) activities in the present are judged by their impact on the future, and (2) there is no future state--all activities occur in the present and can only be enjoyed or evaluated by their impact at that moment. The mistress would like t o postpone sex (theoretically until she and the speaker are married). The speaker wants to consummate their physical relationship now. Each viewpoint has its reasons, and certainly the woman in the poem would stand to lose practically from premarital sex. Marvell, however, isn't suggesting that unbridled lust is preferable to moral or ethical restraint; sex is the subject matter, not the theme of the poem. Marvell's actual point here is that instead of dividing our lives or our values into mathematically neat but artificial categories of present and future, we should savor the unique experiences of each present moment; to convey this theme, the poet uses irre... ...g up and slowing down time, the speaker's irregularities of meter create a melody that substitutes the rough spondaic meter for the smoothly regular iambic tetrameter. By the time they have read (aloud) the entire poem, readers should be less concerned with the poem's overall moral (or amoral) philosophizing than with its musicality. Marvell, after all, is writing a poem, not a work of philosophy. His use and then subversion of conventional rhyme, rhythm, and meter, create a music that opposes both philosophy and anti-philosophy. Life, these irregularities remind us, exists in the here and now, not on the neatly divided clock or calendar. We cannot control the fact that life is followed by death, nor should we try to do so through fantasizing about the future, but we can control each moment that we are alive: each irregular, spontaneous, surprising moment.

Racism and Prejudice Essay

Camara Harell’s excerpt, â€Å"The Meaning and Impact of Racism,† addresses the distinct difference between prejudice and racism. Many people have a misconception of what racism is, and repeatedly use the two words interchangeably. Harell has provided a framework that explains the true definitions, and also explains what it takes to be labeled, by definition, a â€Å"racist.† People generally confuse the meanings of prejudice and racism, and do not fully understand how to use each word in the proper manner. However, there is a huge difference in what each word means. Social psychologist, James Jones, describes prejudice as a â€Å"negative attitude toward a person or group based upon a social comparison process in which the individual’s own group is taken as the positive point of reference† (Jones, 1991). Prejudice is having preconceived judgment and an irrational hostility towards a group without having fair reasoning or adequate knowledge; it is a thought and opinion, and not necessarily an action upon that individual or group. Harell argues that it is â€Å"inappropriate to use the terms racism and prejudice synonymously† (1999). Racism is defined as using a force of power against an â€Å"inferior† racial group with the aid of an entire culture (Harell, 1999). It is neither an idea or notion, but rather the power and act up on suppressing a racial group. Harell and Jones provide informative, intellectual reasoning that differentiates prejudice and racism. The main difference being that prejudice is mostly a thought and opinion, while racism is a verb and is the act of subjugating a group. Works Cited Harell, Camara. (1999). The Meaning and Impact of Racism. Manichean Psychology: Racism and the Minds of African Descent, pages 1-14. Jones, James. (1991). Racism: A Cultural Analysis of the Problem. In Black Psychology, 3d ed., ed. R. Jones, 609-36. Berkeley: Cobb and Henry.

Narratives in Conversation

archivess in Conversation By Agatha Xaris Villa INTRODUCTION This essay foc enjoyments on the develop of the write up most prevalent in e realday chats the colloquial recital. First, it discusses a definition of the fib from a geomorphologic fritter away based on the mental synthesis of conversational chronicle presented by William Labov (1972). Next, it enumerates whatever of the beta usances which the news report is sufficient to achieve some(prenominal) on a own(prenominal)ised level and likewise on the interpersonal. Lastly, it ventures to explore the judgment of the narrative based on its mise en scene language and society, stopping point.NARRATIVES A STRUCTURAL prospect In the 1960s and 1970s, William Labov developed what is right away comm wholly believed to be the general structure of a narrative. His research involved a focus on spontaneous sexual intercourse of aim and the capturing of vernacular, unmonitored speech. He interviewed Afri substru cture Ameri force out ytaboohs in South Harlem and asked them whether they had ever encountered a life-endangering experience. He found that the stories which ensued from these interviews reduced the effectuate of observation to a minimum (Labov, 2001) and referred to them as verbal narratives of personal experience.Through his study, Labov noted some very principal(prenominal) structural characteristics of viva exam narratives. First, he ob deal outd that the publications attri moreovered in narratives often appe atomic number 18d in the run in which they rattling bef onlyed. According to his definition, the narrative was a way of retelling (i. e. narrating) the action sequence of an event that had already happened. Therefore, separate of conversation considered to be narrative was limited to the discursive selective in traffic patternation contri neverthelessing to the recounting of the turn of events.All otherwise split which were not directly cogitate to the story s erved the purpose of backing up the story. He claimed that these oral narratives usually had a basic structure composed of any of the following six basic parts (1) Abstract, (2) Orientation, (3) Complicating action, (4) paygrade, (5) Resolution and (6) Coda. Using a likeness of Sample Stories Stories to the highest degree perplexs (CD-ROM 1, Band 6)(Appendix 1. 1), we whitethorn illustrate these elements as they occur in actual oral narratives. The data presented has twain speakers a fe potent interviewer (A) and a male interviewee (B).The transcript also features two accounts the scratch air is with regards to (B)s early memories of his scram who was training as an educational psychologist and the second of which occurred one- clock time(prenominal) during his adolescence. By definition, an bunco is a bloodlineation of what the story is virtually. Looking at the transcript of Stories about captures, it is habituateful to note that the for the first time story off ered by (B) seems to lack an abstract. This, however, is graspable as his story was elicited by (A)s question regarding childhood memories of his flummox. Therefore, the interviewer provided the abstract prior to the beginning of the narrative.In the second story, the abstract is located in line 21-22 wherein (B) cites when his prevail was most sympathetic to him during his adolescent confusion stage. Typically, the orientation appears first in the narration and begins by citing the basic flesh out of the story that is, the who, the what, where and what were they doing of the narrative. In our transcript we can detect the beginning of an orientation in lines 5-10 in which (B) recounts when his mother had begun studying educational psychology and some of the tests she carried out on him and his brother.The complicating action effectively answers the question then, what happened? An vitrine whitethorn be found in line 11 where (B) said recalls his mothers reaction to a slen derly alarming result of an inkblot test. The complicating action is the lonesome(prenominal) element which Labov believed to be a pre-requisite to a narrative. On the other hand, military rating is the only element which does not necessarily happen in sequential order in a story. It may occur in any part of the story, most perceptibly at the storys approach and answers the question so what? .It may deign in the form of external military rank ( teller steps in to give an evaluation)(e. g. line 10 referring to the intelligence tests as actually fine) or internal evaluation such as intensifiers (which emphasize on aspects of a story)(e. g. she took it very, very seriously. ), paralinguistic features (e. g. the use of sound effects, facial expressions and gestures) and the taking on of other citizenrys pieces (Bakhtin, 1981). Evaluation is distinguished to the narrative as it is a way for narrators to emphasize important parts of the story by drawing the worry of his listener s by adding more information.An obvious paralinguistic feature which we can deduce from the transcript was (B)s use of shadiness and pause. At about line 11, he starts using a rather loud and fast-paced voice but the dynamic changes in line 13 before (B) voices out his mother saying Oh I see followed by a pregnant pause for prominent effect. It may be argued that tone and the pauses were used evaluatively and so is a very good example of how people argon able to use language creatively even in everyday conversation. In a narrative, the resolution is what we refer to as the concluding action what finally happened.For example, in conclusion to the computer memory of the slight fatigue regarding the inkblot test, we argon told that (B)s mother reassures him that he neednt worry because she was just learn (line 15-16). The final element, the Coda, tells us how the story is pertinent to the story teller or his interview in the present time. A potential closing curtain may be found in line 18 where (B) jokes that he now thinks that the results of his mothers tests were right. The Labovian categories regarding the narrative structure has been criticized for constricting what can be considered a story but continues to subscribe significant impact on narrative study even today.It persists to be a useful procedure in narrative analysis by providing a succinct set of categories for defining stories. Furthermore, while it emphasizes on the flow kinship between experience, cognition and representation it spends a fair tally of time taking the language into reflexion before attempting to make sense of it (Squire, 2008). NARRATIVES A FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE Rather than identifying narratives fit to their structural characteristics, we may also deposit narratives according to the function they accomplish in relation to the storyteller and his or her audience.In the service of storytelling, the narrator is not only able to recount the happenings of past events but in addition, the resultant narrative is imbued with select aspects of the tellers identity. Through the narrative, the storyteller tells his audience the kind of person he sees himself as. (Toolan, 2006, p. 63). Narrative identity may be communicate in the narrators use of evaluative language. Sometimes during the course of an oral narrative, the speaker might use diverse styles (style-shifting) or language varieties (i. . codeswitching) in order to create voices for their characters and may serve to jockstrap in the contagious disease of identity and commitment (Maybin, 1996). In Stories about Mothers, (B) outlineed himself as an active participant in his mothers tests. In retrospect, he seems to be telling us that at present, he is rather fond of his childhood memories of his mother (perhaps alluding that he has a good relationship with his mother now) and that he has since gr avow out of his rebellious teenage stage (hes mature now).Narratives not only serve a personal function but may also serve an important interpersonal purpose. According to the work of Norrick on nuclear families (1997), participation in co-narration (which is super C practice in families and others in block relationships) is a way for family divisions to evidence and therefore solidify their position within the family. He believes that family membership may be c beful by the contribution that a member is able to provide to the act of overlap narration. Through the divided up arration of past or recurring events, individuals exhibit sh ard assemblage identity and allegiance. Norrick also points out that sh ared narration may also function as a way to demonstrate shared value within families. opus an outsider may not have the advantage of having shared experiences with other family members and so be unable to participate in the co-telling of past events, he or she may use his or her own experiences which are similar to those of the family in order, thereby adopting va lues inherent with the family.In this way, outsiders may gain credence as insiders of the family. All this is in organization with Bruners suggestion that our sensitivity to narrative provides the major link between our own sense of self and our sense of others in the social world around us (1986). NARRATIVES A CONTEXTUAL PERSPECTIVE In order to gain a mount understanding of the narrative, one must take mount into serious consideration because stories are constantly under the influence of the narrators representation of experience as well as of language, society and culture.While it is a narrators prerogative to portray the characters and events of his story in a path of his choice, the details of the story and the way that it is told is by and large influenced by the storytellers personal notions of himself, those around him and events. Stories, whether they are in written or oral form are all representations of the narrators experience (Toolan, 2006, p. 68). External and in ternal evaluations are important tools used by the narrator to be able to represent their experience of people and events through the narrative.In addition, evaluation may also be embedded into narratives when narrators directly paraphrase a character (Toolan, 2006, p. 68). In Stories about mothers, B repeatedly gives voice to his mother by quoting some of the things she used to say (e. g. Youll be fine ). How experiences are represented all depends on the narrators personal constructs. Personal constructs are inner worlds and perceptions that check the way that we see people and events and are largely determined and affected by language, culture and society.The importance of taking the socio- heathenish context of a narrative is important specially when we move to decoding the meaning butt joint narratives. In 1975, Grice excuseed that everyday conversations were being guide by four maxims the maxims of Quality, Quantity, Relation and behavior (Toolan, 2006, 72). These maxim s (inferential norms or so called conversation implicatures) explain how individuals are able to logically hide meaning in conversation but may be insufficient when try to explain how stories or jokes are understood.Nair (2002) proposed that in the process of narrative inferencing (i. e. , the way that we imagine out what a story means), cultural cooperation between the narrator and the audience is of upper limit importance. The implications regarding the importance of impliculture in narrative inferencing is that we are reminded that (1) there are aspects of narratives which are culturally situated and must be taken in the context of the same culture and (2) therefore, only individuals who share the same cultural identity may fully experience cultural narratives.The relationship between the narrative and culture is further demonstrated by the fact that stories of folklore and native traditions have been passed on from generation to generation in the form of the narrative. In t his way, narratives contribute to the preservation and transmission of cultural identity and belonging. CONCLUSION Stories are commonplace in everyday life. In fact, it has been said that conversational English is largely in the form of the narrative (Maybin, 1996) in laidback conversations with friends and relatives to our more professional interactions with colleagues in the workplace.They can be identified through their structural characteristics, the personal and interpersonal functions they serve in everyday social life and are both the result and inferred from the socio-cultural context and yet, the oral narrative remains a essential part of human life from the cradle to the grave from the silly bed time stories we are told in childhood, to the epitaphs told in our memory at our lives end. REFERENCES Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination. Austin. State University of Texas Press. Bruner, J. 1986). Actual Minds, manageable Worlds. Cambridge, Mass. Harvard Universi ty Press. Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In Cole, P. and Morgan, J. (eds) Syntax and Semantics. 3 Speech Acts. parvenu York Academic Press. Labov, W. (1972). voice communication in the Inner City. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press. Labov, W. (2001). The friendly Stratification of English in New York City. 2nd edition. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Maybin, J. (1996)(Ed). Chapter 1 Everyday call on the carpet. In Maybin, J. and Mercer, N. eds) Using English from conversation to canon. Routledge/The diffuse University. pg. 21-27 Nair, R. B. (2002). Narrative Gravity. Chapter 5 rationalness and relevance. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Norrick, N. R. (1997). Language in Society, 26(2). pg. 199-220. Squire, C. (2008). training Narratives. http//www. uel. ac. uk/cnr/documents/CNRWIPJune04Squire. doc (accessed July 2008) Toolan, M. (2006). Chapter 2 Telling Stories. In Maybin, J. and Swann, J. (eds) The art of English everyday creativity. The Ope n University. pg. 54-76

Milgram Obedience Review Essay

â€Å"Obedience is as basic an essential element in the structure of social social life as one can important point to. Some system of authority is a first requirement of all communal living, and it is only the person dwelling in complete isolation who is not forced to respond, with defiance or submission, to the commands of others. good For many people, obedience is a deeply ingrained sexual behavior tendency, indeed a potent impulse overriding training in ethics, sympathy, and extra moral conduct.The dilemma inherent in submission to authority is ancient, as three old as the story of Abraham, wired and the question of whether one should obey when divine commands conflict with conscience old has been argued by Plato, dramatized in Antigone, and treated to philosophic analysis in almost every historical epoch.Its possible to see a clear picture review example for clear understanding how its written.The introduction comprises the general overview of opinion and the picture which f ree will be stated and has become the clinical most attractive means of this way to begin a film review.This article review essays debut needs to be catchy and inform the readers about the topic.

Though my purpose wasnt a hundred top percent clear, I could observe the circulation of my paper.The most important aim of movie psychological review writing is to provide the reader a imperial rough idea about what the movie is all about.Let us say you have to purchase essay.The job will be placed by A superb review essay .

Thereafter, you are able to begin own writing the inspection.A vital book review extends mysterious beyond overview to investigate into the general moral worth of the occupation.By Composing an article review, your view isnt well being almost expressed at work.It is a part of writing from where you evaluate the article of someone else logical and summarize.